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Improve AVR docs
After many trials and errors in reliably accessing AVR chips through my SPI relay design, I resigned myself to accepting 125kHz communication speed with it. I find the complexity of solutions allowing to keep 250kHz speeds to be excessive.
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doc/avr.txt
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doc/avr.txt
@ -11,11 +11,26 @@ tem clock will be too fast for most AVR chips, which are usually
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running at 1MHz. Because the SPI clock needs to be a 4th of
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that, a safe frequency for SPI communication would be 250kHz.
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# The programmer device
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The AVR programmer device is really simple: Wire SPI connections
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to proper AVR pins as described in the MCU's datasheet. Note
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that this device will be the same as the one you'll use for any
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modern SPI-based AVR programmer, with RESET replacing SS.
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This device should have an on/off switch that controls the
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chip's power for a very simple reason: Because we can't control
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what's on the chip, it could mess up your whole SPI bus when
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RESET is not held low. This means that as long as it's connected
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and powered, it is likely to mess up your other devices, such as
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the SD card.
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You could put the AVR chip behind a buffer to avoid this, but
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an on/off switch also does the trick and satisfies the low-tech
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lover in you.
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# Programming software
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The AVR programming code is at B160.
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Before you begin programming the chip, the device must be desel-
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@ -28,6 +43,40 @@ Each command will verify that it's in sync, that is, that its
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3rd exchange echoes the byte that was sent in the 2nd exchange.
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If it doesn't, the command aborts with "AVR err".
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# Ensuring reliability
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The reliability of your communication depends a lot on the
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soundness of your SPI relay design. If it's good, you will sel-
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dom see those "AVR err".
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However, there are worse things than "AVR err": wrong data. Sync
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checks ensure communication reliability at every command, but
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in the case of commands getting data, you might be out-of-sync
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when you receive your result without knowing it! To ensure that
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you're still in sync, you need to issue a command, which might
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spit "AVR err". If it does, your previous result is unreliable.
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Here's an example word that reliably prints the high fuse value
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from SPI devid 1:
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: get 1 asp$ asprdy aspfh@ asprdy .x 0 (spie) ;
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Another very important matter is clock speed. As mentioned
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above, the safe clock speed is 250kHz. If you use the SPI design
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in rc2014/sdcard recipe, this means that your input clock speed
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can theoretically be 500kHz because the '161 divides it by 2.
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In practice, however, you can't really do that because depending
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on the timing of your SPI write, the first "bump" of the SPI
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clock might end up being nearly 500kHz, which will result in oc-
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casional communication errors.
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The simplest and safest way to avoid this is to reduce your
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raw input clock by 2, which will reduce your effective communi-
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cation speed by 2. There certainly are options allowing you to
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keep optimal speed, but they're significantly more complex than
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accepting slower speed.
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# Access fuses
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You get/set they values with "aspfx@/aspfx!", x being one of "l"
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