emul/8086: add PC/AT emulator

emul/8086/.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 /forth
 /forth.bin
+/pcat

emul/8086/Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-TARGETS = forth 
+TARGETS = forth pcat
 OBJS = cpu.o
 CDIR = ../../cvm
 STAGE = $(CDIR)/stage
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ forth: forth.c forth.bin $(OBJS) $(BLKFS)
 forth.bin: xcomp.fs $(STAGE)
 	$(CDIR)/stage < xcomp.fs > $@
 
+pcat: pcat.c $(OBJS) $(BLKFS)
+	$(CC) -DBLKFS_PATH=\"`pwd`/$(BLKFS)\" pcat.c $(OBJS) -lncurses -o $@
+
 $(BLKFS): $(STAGE)
 
 $(STAGE):

emul/8086/README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,28 @@
 # 8086 emulator
 
-This is a work in progress. The goal is to have something lighter than QEMU to
+This folder contains emulator for 8086 binaries of Collapse OS. The bulk of
-run Collapse OS on and also something that is easier to plug with my stuff.
+it is a fork of Fake86 by Mike Chambers.
-Something I could run without BIOS (have my own studs for INT 10 and INT 13).
 
-My first try was with 8086tiny, but this code is messy. Fake86 is a bit bigger,
+`forth` is an imaginary hardware used for userspace development and testing.
-but also cleaner.
+This machine has an imaginary interrupt API and does not conform to PC/AT.
+
+`pcat` is a very simple PC/AT emulator. The BIOS interrupt hooks implemented in
+it only cover Collapse OS' own needs.
+
+## Requirements
+
+You need `ncurses` to build the `forth` executable. In debian-based distros,
+it's `libncurses5-dev`.
+
+## Build
+
+Run `make` and it builds the `forth` and `pcat` interpreters.
+
+## Usage
+
+The `./forth` executable here works like the one in `/cvm`, except that it runs
+under an emulated 8086 machine instead of running natively. Refer to
+`/cvm/README.md` for details.
+
+`pcat` needs to be suppied a path to a floppy disk image with a proper MBR.
+`disk.bin` provided by the `pcat` recipe is sufficient.

emul/8086/cpu.c

@@ -3399,8 +3399,8 @@ int exec86(int execloops) {
     return 1;
 }
 
-void reset86() {
+void reset86(uint16_t startip) {
 	segregs[regcs] = 0;
-	ip = 0;
+	ip = startip;
 	hltstate = 0;
 }

emul/8086/cpu.h

@@ -52,4 +52,4 @@ void writew86 (uint32_t addr32, uint16_t value);
 uint8_t read86 (uint32_t addr32);
 uint16_t readw86 (uint32_t addr32);
 int exec86(int execloops); // returns 0 if halted
-void reset86();
+void reset86(uint16_t startip);

emul/8086/forth.c

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     INTHOOKS[4] = int4;
     INTHOOKS[5] = int5;
     INTHOOKS[6] = int6;
-    reset86();
+    reset86(0);
     fprintf(stderr, "Using blkfs %s\n", BLKFS_PATH);
     blkfp = fopen(BLKFS_PATH, "r+");
     if (!blkfp) {

emul/8086/pcat.c

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <curses.h>
+#include "cpu.h"
+
+#define WCOLS 80
+#define WLINES 25
+#define SEC_PER_TRK 0x3f
+#define TRK_PER_HEAD 0xff
+
+extern uint8_t byteregtable[8];
+extern union _bytewordregs_ regs;
+extern uint16_t segregs[4];
+extern INTHOOK INTHOOKS[0x100];
+
+static FILE *fp;
+WINDOW *bw, *dw, *w;
+
+static void int10() {
+    uint8_t cmd = regs.byteregs[regah];
+    uint8_t al = regs.byteregs[regal];
+    uint16_t dx = regs.wordregs[regdx];
+    switch (cmd) {
+        case 0x02: // at-xy
+            wmove(w, dx&0xff, dx>>8);
+            break;
+        case 0x0e: // emit
+        if (al >= 0x20 || al == '\n') {
+            wechochar(w, al);
+        } else if (al == 0x08) {
+            int y, x; getyx(w, y, x);
+            wmove(w, y, x-1);
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static void int13() {
+    uint8_t cmd = regs.byteregs[regah];
+    uint8_t al = regs.byteregs[regal];
+    uint8_t cl = regs.byteregs[regcl];
+    uint8_t ch = regs.byteregs[regch];
+    uint8_t dh = regs.byteregs[regdh];
+    uint16_t bx = regs.wordregs[regbx];
+    switch (cmd) {
+        case 0x02: // read disk sector(s)
+        case 0x03: // write disk sector(s)
+        // CL = sector number (1-based), AL = sector count
+        // DH = head number, CH = track number
+        // ES:BX = dest addr
+        fseek(fp, ((((dh*TRK_PER_HEAD)+ch)*SEC_PER_TRK)+cl-1)*512, SEEK_SET);
+        for (int i=0; i<(al*512); i++) {
+            if (cmd == 0x03) { // write
+                fputc(getmem8(segregs[reges], bx+i), fp);
+            } else { // read
+                putmem8(segregs[reges], bx+i, fgetc(fp));
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+
+        case 0x08: // poll sectors per track / per head
+        // we just report a lot of them
+        regs.wordregs[regcx] = SEC_PER_TRK;
+        regs.byteregs[regdh] = TRK_PER_HEAD-1;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static void int16() {
+    int c;
+    // debug_panel();
+    c = wgetch(w);
+    regs.byteregs[regal] = c;
+}
+
+static void usage()
+{
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: ./pcat /path/to/fd\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    if (argc < 2) {
+        usage();
+        return 1;
+    }
+    INTHOOKS[0x10] = int10;
+    INTHOOKS[0x13] = int13;
+    INTHOOKS[0x16] = int16;
+    reset86(0x7c00);
+    // initialize memory
+    fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
+    if (!fp) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Can't open %s\n", argv[1]);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    // read MBR into RAM
+    for (int i=0; i<512; i++) {
+        int c = getc(fp);
+        if (c != EOF) {
+            write86(0x7c00+i, c);
+        }
+    }
+    uint16_t magic = readw86(0x7dfe);
+    if (magic != 0xaa55) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Invalid MBR magic %x\n", magic);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    initscr(); cbreak(); noecho(); nl(); clear();
+    // border window
+    bw = newwin(WLINES+2, WCOLS+2, 0, 0);
+    wborder(bw, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    wrefresh(bw);
+    // debug panel
+    dw = newwin(1, 30, LINES-1, COLS-30);
+    w = newwin(WLINES, WCOLS, 1, 1);
+    scrollok(w, 1);
+    while (exec86(100)) {
+        //debug_panel();
+    }
+    nocbreak(); echo(); delwin(w); delwin(bw); delwin(dw); endwin();
+    printf("\nDone!\n");
+    //emul_printdebug();
+    fclose(fp);
+    return 0;
+}

recipes/pcat/Makefile

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ BASE = ../..
 CDIR = $(BASE)/cvm
 BLKPACK = $(BASE)/tools/blkpack
 STAGE = $(CDIR)/stage
+EMUL = $(BASE)/emul/8086/pcat
 
 .PHONY: all
 all: $(TARGET) 
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ os.bin: xcomp.fs $(STAGE) blkfs
 	$(STAGE) blkfs < xcomp.fs > $@
 
 $(BLKPACK):
-	$(MAKE) -C ../tools
+	$(MAKE) -C $(BASE)/tools
 
 blkfs: $(BLKPACK)
 	$(BLKPACK) $(BASE)/blk blk > $@
@@ -25,9 +26,12 @@ $(TARGET): mbr.bin os.bin
 	cat mbr.bin os.bin > $@
 	dd if=blkfs of=$@ bs=512 seek=16
 
+$(EMUL):
+	$(MAKE) -C $(BASE)/emul/8086
+
 .PHONY: emul
-emul: $(TARGET)
+emul: $(TARGET) $(EMUL)
-	qemu-system-i386 -drive file=$(TARGET),if=floppy,format=raw
+	$(EMUL) $(TARGET)
 
 .PHONY: clean
 clean:

recipes/pcat/README.md

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ is bootable on a modern PC-compatible machine.
 
 * A modern PC-compatible machine that can boot from a USB drive.
 * A USB drive
-* qemu for emulation
 
 ## Build the binary
 
@@ -30,7 +29,12 @@ can run `VE`.
 
 ## Emulation
 
-You can run the built binary in qemu using `make emul`.
+You can run the built binary in Collapse OS' 8086 emulator using `make emul`.
+
+The 8086 emulator is barbone. If you prefer to use it on a more realistic
+setting, use QEMU. The command is:
+
+    qemu-system-i386 -drive file=disk.bin,if=floppy,format=raw
 
 ## Running on a modern PC
 

recipes/pcat/blk/607

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
     ( AH=read sectors, AL=1 sector, BX=dest,
       CH=trackno CL=secno DH=head DL=drive )
     FDSPT C@ /MOD ( AX BX sec trk )
-    FDHEADS C@ /MOD ( AX BX sec head trk )
+    FDHEADS C@ /MOD SWAP ( AX BX sec head trk )
     8 LSHIFT ROT OR 1+ ( AX BX head CX )
     SWAP 8 LSHIFT 0x03 C@ ( boot drive ) OR ( AX BX CX DX )
     13H 2DROP 2DROP