mirror of
https://github.com/20kdc/OC-KittenOS.git
synced 2024-11-23 10:58:06 +11:00
Beginnings of documentation, & some minor occasional cleanup
Basically, need to finish the User Libraries and User Space sections. The entirety of kernel space should be documented now at least.
This commit is contained in:
parent
d16a9602f3
commit
e984f97ea9
@ -15,16 +15,13 @@
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-- though with automatically closing windows on process death.
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-- How Bristol talks to this is:
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-- 1. Bristol starts up Everest. Everest does not claim new monitors by default.
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-- 2. Bristol claims all available monitors to blank out the display
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-- 3. The user logs in
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-- 4. Bristol runs "startSession", enabling claiming of free monitors, and then promptly dies.
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-- 1. The user logs in
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-- 2. Bristol starts up Everest, and frees the primary monitor
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-- 3. The primary monitor is claimed by Everest and becomes monitor 1
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-- 4. After a small time, Bristol dies, unclaiming all monitors
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-- 5. Everest claims the new monitors, and the desktop session begins
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-- 6. Everest dies/respawns, or endSession is called - in both cases,
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-- Everest is now essentially back at the state in 1.
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-- 7. Either this is Bristol, so go to 2,
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-- or this is a screensaver host, and has a saving-throw to start Bristol if it dies unexpectedly.
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-- In any case, this eventually returns to 2 or 4.
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-- 6. Everest shuts down for some reason,
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-- sys-init gets started UNLESS endSession(false) was used
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local everestProvider = neo.requireAccess("r.neo.pub.window", "registering npw")
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local everestSessionProvider = neo.requireAccess("r.neo.sys.session", "registering nsse")
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@ -46,7 +43,7 @@ neo.requestAccess("s.h.key_down")
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local monitors = {}
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-- NULL VIRTUAL MONITOR!
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-- This is where we stuff processes while Bristol isn't online
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-- This is where we stuff processes until monitors show up
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monitors[0] = {nil, nil, 160, 50}
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-- {monitor, x, y, w, h, callback}
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@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ local gpus = neo.requireAccess("c.gpu", "screen control")
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local screens = neo.requireAccess("c.screen", "screen control")
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neo.requireAccess("s.h.component_added", "HW management")
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neo.requireAccess("s.h.component_removed", "HW management")
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neo.requireAccess("s.h.key_down", "Keymap guesswork")
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local function shutdownFin(reboot)
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-- any final actions donkonit needs to take here
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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return {
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["neo"] = {
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desc = "KittenOS NEO Kernel & Base Libs",
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v = 1,
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v = 2,
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deps = {
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},
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dirs = {
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ return {
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},
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["neo-everest"] = {
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desc = "KittenOS NEO / Everest (windowing)",
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v = 0,
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v = 2,
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deps = {
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"neo"
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},
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@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ wrapOs = wrapMeta({
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totalMemory = computer.totalMemory, freeMemory = computer.freeMemory,
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energy = computer.energy, maxEnergy = computer.maxEnergy,
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clock = os.clock, date = os.date, difftime = os.difftime,
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time = os.time, uptime = computer.uptime
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time = os.time, uptime = computer.uptime, address = computer.address
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})
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wrapDebug = wrapMeta(debug)
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@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ function start(pkg, ...)
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env.neo.requestAccessAsync = requestAccessAsync
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env.neo.requestAccess = function (perm, handler)
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requestAccessAsync(perm)
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if not handler then handler = function() end end
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handler = handler or function() end
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while true do
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local n = {coroutine.yield()}
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handler(table.unpack(n))
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@ -17,5 +17,24 @@ return {
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files = {
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"apps/app-eeprog.lua"
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},
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},
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["neo-docs"] = {
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desc = "KittenOS NEO system documentation",
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v = 2,
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deps = {
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},
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dirs = {
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"docs"
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},
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files = {
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"docs/an-intro",
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"docs/kn-intro",
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"docs/kn-refer",
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"docs/kn-sched",
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"docs/kn-perms",
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"docs/us-perms",
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"docs/ul-neoux",
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"docs/ul-broil",
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},
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}
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}
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245
repository/docs/an-intro
Normal file
245
repository/docs/an-intro
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@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
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Welcome to the documentation for your
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KittenOS NEO system.
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These documents are written to a 37-
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column standard, in order to match
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the Neolithic text editor.
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If editing them, please set a right
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margin of 37, or an equivalent,
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in order to ensure that the
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documents do not require horizontal
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scroll in order to read.
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This documentation is aimed at those
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who wish to develop things for the
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KittenOS NEO system.
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Due to the size of the system, it is
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divided into several sections,
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each section being a file.
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This section will cover an overview
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of the KittenOS NEO system.
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It is an abstract overview, but one
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that will give you a framework in
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which the components make sense,
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should you simply skip to them.
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The KittenOS NEO system is divided
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into three things - the kernel,
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libraries, and the processes.
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The kernel is always loaded at all
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times, and is the root of all system
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activity.
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The libraries are essentially Lua
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values that are kept in memory by a
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weak-valued table.
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This allows them to be reused,
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and memory saved, if possible,
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while also allowing unloading.
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This is a critical memory management
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technique in KittenOS NEO, as it
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allows certain libraries to be
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loaded only when in active use.
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(This also means libraries can have
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security side-effects, but they
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always can in any system, arguably,
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and it's worth it for the memory.)
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The processes are applications and
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services, that communicate with the
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kernel via the NEO Kernel API, and
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that communicate with others via
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Lua values and tables shared between
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the processes, that also constitute
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a form of API.
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These APIs are shared and retrieved
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via Accesses - anything that causes
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a permissions check is an Access.
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Accesses are easy to replace in the
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system, should you wish to heavily
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customize the system in some way.
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The ability to receive given events,
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is also an Access, though all "k."
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events are always accessible for
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simplicity reasons.
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"All components are replacable, as
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long as you implement it correctly."
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Regarding the KittenOS NEO system
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that you are now possibly running,
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it likely has 3 critical services.
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I refer to these as the Trinity, just
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because it seemed to fit.
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The following list notes which APIs
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they provide and require, but only
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from those in the "x." space.
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Anything else is an implementation
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detail, subject to change - indeed,
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these are only listed for the sake
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of those who need to find code for
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a given API.
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-------------------------------------
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Glacier: sys-glacier
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* formerly sys-donkonit
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Shell-independent parts of NEO, such
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as screen management and settings,
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and the "saving throw" recovery
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mechanism.
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Provides x.neo.sys.manage
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x.neo.sys.screens
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x.neo.pub.globals
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Everest: sys-everest
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This is the default shell.
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Provides x.neo.sys.session
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x.neo.pub.window
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Requires x.neo.sys.screens
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Prefers x.neo.sys.manage
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Icecap: sys-icecap
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Shell-dependent component that
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gains k.root and uses Everest
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to implement the security policy.
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Provides x.neo.pub.base
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Requires x.neo.sys.manage
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Prefers x.neo.pub.window
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-------------------------------------
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The bootup process, meanwhile, is
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rather simple.
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The kernel first designates the
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primaryDisk based on the boot disk,
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via the "deprecated" computer API
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that has no replacement and is thus
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nowhere near safe to remove.
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The primaryDisk is *the*
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KittenOS NEO system disk - it holds
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the system, in full.
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Inelegance here falls to the greater
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power of practicality, as a VFS is
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an unnecessary component here.
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After moving it's many globals into
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place, it then immediately loads and
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runs sys-init.
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sys-init's job is to firstly display
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the KittenOS NEO boot screen -
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this is where it got it's original
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name from, s-bristol (see: Plymouth)
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It chooses the screen / GPU based on
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the best combination it can find.
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The screen that it displays on is
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then noted as the primary screen.
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During this boot screen, it firstly
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starts Glacier, which is always a
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necessary component for sys-init to
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operate correctly.
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It then starts all services that have
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"run." entries set to "yes".
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By default this means sys-icecap.
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Note that sys- entries occur first.
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This allows a security policy to be
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installed, typically by sys-icecap,
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that allows non-sys- parts to
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perform useful operations.
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Finally, screen control is passed to
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Glacier, and sys-init resets the
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screens to their login-screen-state.
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If the settings daemon is not around
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by this point, sys-init fails-safe
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and allows login & safe-mode.
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(If you happen to be able to cause a
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sys-glacier error, during early boot
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in a way that does not require any
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permissions with other ways of
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creating havoc, then, this may be a
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flaw in the system security model.
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The risk is considered worth the
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ability to theoretically use the
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system.)
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If the setting "sys-init.nologin" is
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set to "yes", then the login screen
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is skipped.
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If the password is not empty, then
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a password prompt is used.
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If Lua 5.2 is in use, the usual set
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of instructions are replaced with a
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warning to use Lua 5.3.
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After the login screen finishes,
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sys-init disclaims the primary
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screen, and runs the shell, dictated
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by the setting "sys-init.shell" -
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if settings are not available, then
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sys-everest is used as a guess.
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Up to 5 seconds later, sys-init
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confirms that "x.neo.sys.session" is
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an existing API, and thus a shell is
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currently running.
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If this does not occur in time,
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then sys-init provides the:
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"That wasn't a shell. Try Safe Mode."
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message, and causes a reboot.
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If it does, then sys-init finally
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exits, with the "Trinity" in place,
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and all screens automatically
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disclaimed by sys-init's quit.
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(NOTE: If your particularly beady
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service happens to get ahold of a
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screen during startup, then that
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screen is of course unaffected,
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unless your service dies. This is of
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course intentional in case you want
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a service to control a screen.)
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This should summarize the system.
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Good luck. - 20kdc
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All of the KittenOS NEO documentation
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is released into the public domain.
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No warranty is provided, implied,
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or otherwise.
|
92
repository/docs/kn-intro
Normal file
92
repository/docs/kn-intro
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
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The KittenOS NEO Kernel,
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aka "init.lua", or as I like to call
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it, "KNOSKRNL", is what happens when
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someone tries to write a microkernel
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in Lua, and make it efficient.
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Obviously, the result is not entirely
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what would be expected from a kernel
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at all, nevermind a microkernel.
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In particular, it borrows an
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important concept, specifically fast
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yet secure IPC.
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By which I of course mean that the
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IPC consists of programs giving Lua
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values to each other directly, and
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the kernel giving the programs some
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mechanisms to help secure this.
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Not what you expected, I assume.
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The "kn-" group of documents is about
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the KittenOS NEO kernel.
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This is specifically ONLY about the
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kernel, and only about features the
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kernel provides directly.
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As the kernel provides many things to
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everything under it, I believe this
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is of great use.
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It's now time for the notes about the
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kernel side of the boot process.
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Firstly, the startup of sys-init is
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unlike any other - specifically, it
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has a nil callerPid/callerPkg pair.
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This is because no application ran a
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||||
function to create the process - it
|
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was created by the kernel.
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||||
|
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Secondly, here's what goes on in the
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kernel when an Access is registered,
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and when it's accessed:
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|
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1. The service requests access with
|
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an AID starting with "r.".
|
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2. The security policy presumably
|
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accepts the registration.
|
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3. A blank registration in the table
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"accesses" is made immediately.
|
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This registration always fails to
|
||||
be retrieved, but exists.
|
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4. A function is returned to reset
|
||||
the registration.
|
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5. The service calls the function,
|
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thus the registration is now
|
||||
completed.
|
||||
|
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6. The user-process requests access
|
||||
with an AID starting with "x.",
|
||||
everything after matching that
|
||||
in the "r." registration.
|
||||
7. The security policy presumably
|
||||
accepts the use of that API.
|
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8. The callback in the registration
|
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is called.
|
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It's first return value is sent
|
||||
back to the user-process.
|
||||
If it errors, then nil is given
|
||||
instead (the error is not sent).
|
||||
|
||||
Thirdly, the security policy is set
|
||||
by getting the kernel global table
|
||||
with "k.root", and then changing the
|
||||
global "securityPolicy".
|
||||
|
||||
Given this operation is only ever
|
||||
performed once in typical use, and
|
||||
having control over it is equivalent
|
||||
to instant root, it seems fitting
|
||||
that it is done this way.
|
||||
|
||||
(Making absolute power absolute is
|
||||
also why the kernel loves globals.)
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, the kernel prevents those
|
||||
processes that aren't "sys-" from
|
||||
calling "sys-" processes.
|
76
repository/docs/kn-perms
Normal file
76
repository/docs/kn-perms
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
|
||||
This is the list of Accesses natively
|
||||
supported by the KittenOS NEO
|
||||
kernel. It does not include those
|
||||
that are handled by services,
|
||||
but does include the mechanism for
|
||||
creating & using services.
|
||||
|
||||
For the services, see us-perms.
|
||||
|
||||
Here, "*" means that everything after
|
||||
this point is considered an argument
|
||||
to the access.
|
||||
|
||||
"c.*": Component. Returns:
|
||||
list: Returns iterator over proxies.
|
||||
These proxies may be set up to
|
||||
be unalterable for obvious
|
||||
security reasons.
|
||||
For "filesystem", additionally:
|
||||
primary: The primaryDisk proxy.
|
||||
temporary: The RAM-FS proxy.
|
||||
(These entries are included in the
|
||||
above list - these fields serve
|
||||
to identify the components.)
|
||||
|
||||
"s.*": Allows receiving a signal.
|
||||
Totally useless for any signal
|
||||
prefixed with "k." or "x." -
|
||||
"k." is always let through,
|
||||
and "x." can't be sent to you
|
||||
in a situation where you
|
||||
don't have permission,
|
||||
under normal circumstances.
|
||||
|
||||
"k.root": The kernel's _ENV table.
|
||||
|
||||
"k.computer": The "computer" table,
|
||||
with wrapMeta applied,
|
||||
pullSignal removed,
|
||||
and also pushSignal.
|
||||
|
||||
"k.kill": function (pid) to kill any
|
||||
process on the system.
|
||||
|
||||
"r.*": Registers a service's API for
|
||||
retrieval via the "x." mechanism.
|
||||
Returns a:
|
||||
function (function (pkg, pid, send))
|
||||
While the registration is locked on
|
||||
success, attempting to use it will
|
||||
fail, as no handler has been given.
|
||||
The returned function finishes the
|
||||
registration with a callback used
|
||||
for when a process tries to use the
|
||||
registered API.
|
||||
What that API returns goes to the
|
||||
target process.
|
||||
The given "sendSig" function can be
|
||||
used to send an event to the target
|
||||
process, the type of which matches
|
||||
the "x." name of the access, and
|
||||
the parameters being those given to
|
||||
sendSig.
|
||||
So sendSig(1) from a service
|
||||
registered via "r.carrot" would
|
||||
generate the event: "x.carrot", 1.
|
||||
(NOTE: Regarding management of
|
||||
processes that die, just make sure
|
||||
to check for k.procdie events and
|
||||
handle as necessary.)
|
||||
|
||||
"x.*": Accesses a registered service
|
||||
API, returning whatever that service
|
||||
intends to give you. Also gives you
|
||||
"s.x.*" automatically to receive the
|
||||
output of sendSig.
|
282
repository/docs/kn-refer
Normal file
282
repository/docs/kn-refer
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
|
||||
This is a full reference on those
|
||||
functions and fields exposed by the
|
||||
kernel to processes and libraries.
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, it is important to note that
|
||||
a process runs within a coroutine.
|
||||
|
||||
This allows a highly "traditional"
|
||||
form of mixing async and synchronous
|
||||
code with event-loop nesting and
|
||||
such designs. If this is not to your
|
||||
taste then you can just use one, not
|
||||
nested event loop.
|
||||
|
||||
As it runs in a coroutine, events are
|
||||
received via coroutine.yield() -
|
||||
sandboxers beware! You may have to
|
||||
use coroutine.running() in order to
|
||||
successfully hide the implementation
|
||||
details of your sandbox (also events
|
||||
and potentially accesses headed in
|
||||
its direction...)
|
||||
|
||||
An example KittenOS NEO program,
|
||||
solely using kernel APIs,
|
||||
that you will likely have to kill:
|
||||
|
||||
neo.scheduleTimer(os.uptime() + 1)
|
||||
while true do
|
||||
local ev = coroutine.yield()
|
||||
if ev == "k.timer" then
|
||||
neo.emergency("Hello...")
|
||||
neo.scheduleTimer(os.uptime() + 1)
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
This will say "Hello..." via the
|
||||
neo.emergency mechanism once every
|
||||
second, independently of anything
|
||||
else on the system.
|
||||
|
||||
While this is obviously not a sane
|
||||
sys-init for actual use, if you have
|
||||
a disk that you can copy the kernel
|
||||
to and a copy of this, it might make
|
||||
a fun experiment.
|
||||
|
||||
The way to exit the program is to
|
||||
return from your process's main
|
||||
function.
|
||||
|
||||
The first field to note is:
|
||||
|
||||
_VERSION: _VERSION from the host.
|
||||
|
||||
The following are just wrapMeta'd
|
||||
host libraries (*: altered):
|
||||
|
||||
math, table, string, unicode*,
|
||||
coroutine, os*, debug
|
||||
|
||||
unicode is extended with:
|
||||
safeTextFormat(s, p):
|
||||
Takes a string s, and a position p,
|
||||
(the position is optional, and is
|
||||
assumed to be 1 otherwise)
|
||||
and returns a space-padded string,
|
||||
with a space after each wide char
|
||||
to make unicode.len & co. act in
|
||||
screen units, along with the
|
||||
position translated.
|
||||
undoSafeTextFormat(s):
|
||||
Takes a string in padded-widechar
|
||||
format, and gets rid of the pad.
|
||||
Note that if padding is *missing*,
|
||||
wide characters become spaces.
|
||||
This leaves a string that's usually
|
||||
safe to pass to a GPU without any
|
||||
odd graphical glitches.
|
||||
|
||||
os is replaced with:
|
||||
totalMemory = computer.totalMemory,
|
||||
freeMemory = computer.freeMemory,
|
||||
energy = computer.energy,
|
||||
maxEnergy = computer.maxEnergy,
|
||||
clock = os.clock, date = os.date,
|
||||
difftime = os.difftime,
|
||||
time = os.time,
|
||||
uptime = computer.uptime,
|
||||
address = computer.address
|
||||
|
||||
The following are just wrapMeta'd
|
||||
host functions
|
||||
(*: wrapped for security):
|
||||
|
||||
assert, ipairs, load, next*,
|
||||
pairs, pcall, xpcall, select,
|
||||
type, error, tonumber, tostring,
|
||||
setmetatable, getmetatable*,
|
||||
rawset*, rawget, rawlen, rawequal
|
||||
|
||||
"require" and "neo" are the parts of
|
||||
the environment where a NEO-specific
|
||||
nature presents itself.
|
||||
|
||||
require takes a string, and returns
|
||||
the value returned by the library at
|
||||
"libs/" .. str .. ".lua" on the
|
||||
primary disk.
|
||||
The library name must be a valid path
|
||||
component, and the library path must
|
||||
also be valid - see
|
||||
ensurePathComponent, ensurePath for
|
||||
more info.
|
||||
|
||||
The "neo" table is where most of the
|
||||
NEO-specificness is hiding, which is
|
||||
probably shown by its name.
|
||||
|
||||
It is also where libraries differ to
|
||||
processes, as libraries get a subset
|
||||
of the table.
|
||||
|
||||
For libraries, it contains:
|
||||
emergency: Equals ocemu.log, if
|
||||
available on the system. Else, NOP.
|
||||
readBufSize: The readBufSize kernel
|
||||
configuration value. Default: 2048.
|
||||
Adjusting this in the kernel allows
|
||||
adjusting how much the system will
|
||||
read at any given time, which can
|
||||
have non-obvious memory usage
|
||||
effects.
|
||||
Do note, following this limit is
|
||||
not a requirement and is not
|
||||
enforced - it's not a security
|
||||
matter, just optimization/memory.
|
||||
wrapMeta: A function that takes a
|
||||
value, and wraps it in such a way
|
||||
as to be immutable, returning the
|
||||
wrapped value.
|
||||
This is the first line of defense
|
||||
against memory use - by using this
|
||||
to protect a table, the result can
|
||||
be shared between untrusted code.
|
||||
listProcs: A function that returns a
|
||||
table of processes. Index is ipairs
|
||||
-friendly, values are:
|
||||
{pid, pkg, cpuUsageInSeconds}
|
||||
listApps: Returns an ipairs-friendly
|
||||
list of applications on the system,
|
||||
such as:
|
||||
{"app-out-of-sight-is-out-of-mind",
|
||||
"svc-i-see-the-ones-that-play"}
|
||||
listLibs: Returns an ipairs-friendly
|
||||
list of libraries on the system,
|
||||
such as:
|
||||
{"fmttext",
|
||||
"braille"}
|
||||
totalIdleTime: Returns the current
|
||||
kernel idle time total, useful for
|
||||
measuring current CPU usage, and in
|
||||
turn comparing to application CPU
|
||||
time to get various statistics.
|
||||
ensurePath: (s, root)
|
||||
Attempts to verify the
|
||||
safety of a path, and errors if any
|
||||
aspect seems incorrect.
|
||||
The root must be a prefix to the
|
||||
path, and the path must follow a
|
||||
strict standardized form that is
|
||||
guaranteed to always be supported
|
||||
and handled in the same way on any
|
||||
OC system.
|
||||
Essentially, "//" must not occur,
|
||||
and all "[^/]+" matches must be
|
||||
valid path components.
|
||||
ensurePathComponent: (s)
|
||||
Ensures that a string is a safe
|
||||
filename via a character list and
|
||||
some special filename checks.
|
||||
UTF-8 characters are just flat out
|
||||
disallowed until someone can give
|
||||
me proof they won't blow up
|
||||
something somewhere.
|
||||
(This restriction is Windows's
|
||||
fault - I can't trust the encoding
|
||||
mess to not find some new and
|
||||
imaginative way of breaking
|
||||
filenames, so I'd rather that they
|
||||
get avoided until someone can try
|
||||
actually using them.)
|
||||
This does NOT ACCOUNT for *all* the
|
||||
Windows total nonsense (aux, com1)
|
||||
because if OC doesn't cover up
|
||||
that then you're kinda doomed.
|
||||
ensureType: (v, ts)
|
||||
Checks that a value is of a given
|
||||
type, and errors otherwise. If the
|
||||
type is "table", it also errors if
|
||||
a metatable exists.
|
||||
|
||||
The additional things available to
|
||||
processes are those things that
|
||||
require a process to use:
|
||||
|
||||
pid: A field that specifies the
|
||||
process ID of this process.
|
||||
Harmless, but not entirely useful.
|
||||
dead: Actually a field, that isn't
|
||||
set at first, but is set later to
|
||||
indicate deadness. Useful if your
|
||||
process does anything that might
|
||||
lead to functions being called in
|
||||
the afterlife, such as providing an
|
||||
API.
|
||||
executeAsync: Function that takes
|
||||
an app name (aka: pkg), and a
|
||||
set of arguments to give it.
|
||||
NOTE: sys- apps cannot be started
|
||||
from non sys- apps no matter how
|
||||
hard you try, without k.root
|
||||
alterations to runProgramPolicy.
|
||||
Your process pkg and ID is
|
||||
prepended to the arguments.
|
||||
NOTE: This uses the result, err
|
||||
return format, except for security
|
||||
errors in which case it uses a
|
||||
full error, because you might just
|
||||
ignore the return value.
|
||||
A successful result is the PID.
|
||||
executeExt: Like executeAsync, but
|
||||
firstly, synchronous, and secondly,
|
||||
with an extra first parameter that
|
||||
contains a function to call on
|
||||
events encountered during the time.
|
||||
As for the return values, it tries
|
||||
to emulate os.execute, so it
|
||||
returns -1 & reason on load error,
|
||||
and 0 & death-reason otherwise.
|
||||
execute: executeExt, but with the
|
||||
first parameter set to a blank
|
||||
function.
|
||||
requestAccessAsync: A function that
|
||||
takes an access ID (aka 'perm') as
|
||||
a string (see kn-perms for info),
|
||||
and starts a security request that
|
||||
is responded to with a
|
||||
k.securityresponse such as:
|
||||
"k.securityresponse", perm, obj
|
||||
requestAccess: A function with
|
||||
(perm, handler) as the arguments -
|
||||
runs requestAccessAsync, then sends
|
||||
events to handler (if any) while
|
||||
waiting for the response.
|
||||
requireAccess: requestAccess, but
|
||||
(perm, reason) - the reason is used
|
||||
in an error if the access cannot
|
||||
be gained.
|
||||
scheduleTimer: Given an os.uptime
|
||||
value, creates a timer and returns
|
||||
a completely meaningless table that
|
||||
is never touched by the kernel
|
||||
directly, called the "tag".
|
||||
The resulting event:
|
||||
"k.timer", tag, time, ofs
|
||||
These events are ONLY EVER sent as
|
||||
a consequence of this function,
|
||||
and this can be relied on safely.
|
||||
NOTE: Setting timers too far in the
|
||||
future has effects on system
|
||||
stability. So does using memory,
|
||||
and there's no way for me to stop
|
||||
that, either. So long as the timer
|
||||
is reached, alive or dead, things
|
||||
will work, but spamming timers has
|
||||
the consequence of memory use,
|
||||
and timers stick around after the
|
||||
process that owns them is dead.
|
||||
|
||||
With that, I hope I have documented
|
||||
the kernel's interface to programs.
|
70
repository/docs/kn-sched
Normal file
70
repository/docs/kn-sched
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
||||
This is an overview of what a program
|
||||
can expect from the scheduler.
|
||||
|
||||
The kernel's scheduling is entirely,
|
||||
and I mean entirely, timer-based.
|
||||
|
||||
Everything in the kernel,
|
||||
that has to occur the next time the
|
||||
CPU has reached the main loop,
|
||||
is, without exception, a timer,
|
||||
apart from the timer system itself.
|
||||
|
||||
That last note is important, since as
|
||||
the timer system controls sleeping,
|
||||
it must use computer.pullSignal -
|
||||
thus, that part of the mechanism is
|
||||
not in itself a timer - it is the
|
||||
mechanism that waits for timers.
|
||||
|
||||
Signals that have been retrieved with
|
||||
computer.pullSignal, however, do
|
||||
become timers.
|
||||
|
||||
Timers are kept in a list, and have
|
||||
their "target uptime" - the
|
||||
computer.uptime() at which they are
|
||||
due to be executed, their callback,
|
||||
and after the callback, a list of
|
||||
arguments to give to the callback.
|
||||
|
||||
The current time as KittenOS NEO
|
||||
sees it is available as os.uptime().
|
||||
(and the address, as os.address() -
|
||||
bit of a cheat, but who's counting?)
|
||||
|
||||
This source is always in seconds, and
|
||||
so KittenOS NEO timing is always in
|
||||
seconds.
|
||||
|
||||
The scheduling loop's precise details
|
||||
are in the kernel itself, and any
|
||||
precise description would be a
|
||||
translation into pseudocode of what
|
||||
is already there.
|
||||
|
||||
But it suffices to note that the
|
||||
scheduling loop works by, 16 times
|
||||
at most, executing and removing all
|
||||
timers from first defined to last
|
||||
that have passed their time,
|
||||
and getting the minimum time of all
|
||||
unexecuted timers during each loop.
|
||||
|
||||
The last minimum time, if it exists,
|
||||
is then bounded to at least 0.05,
|
||||
an OC minimum value for a yield.
|
||||
|
||||
The pullSignal is then called with
|
||||
the bounded time, if any.
|
||||
|
||||
(If no bounded time exists, then the
|
||||
system goes into more or less a deep
|
||||
freeze, which is useful to conserve
|
||||
energy, even when apps are "running"
|
||||
but aren't using timers.)
|
||||
|
||||
If there is any signal, distEvent is
|
||||
called to distribute it to those
|
||||
processes with the right accessses,
|
||||
with an "h." prefix.
|
1
repository/docs/ul-broil
Normal file
1
repository/docs/ul-broil
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
Hello World.
|
1
repository/docs/ul-neoux
Normal file
1
repository/docs/ul-neoux
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
Hello World.
|
1
repository/docs/us-perms
Normal file
1
repository/docs/us-perms
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
Hello World.
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user